1. Mechanics & Dynamics

Probability of events, motion under gravity, uniform velocity and acceleration
Resultant of forces, parallel forces, friction (coefficient & angle)
Coplanar force systems, couples, and moments
Vector cross products, position and velocity vectors

2. Abstract Algebra (Group Theory & Ring Theory)

Binary operations, identity and inverse elements
Permutation groups — order, inverse of permutations
Subgroups, Lagrange’s theorem, cyclic subgroups
Group homomorphisms, kernel, one-one and onto maps
Rings: integral domains, fields (Z₅, Z₆, Z₃₆)
Ideals: maximal ideals, prime ideals, quotient rings
External direct product of rings (Z ⊕ Z)
Irreducibility of polynomials over Q and R

3. Linear Algebra

Vector spaces, subspaces, dimension, basis
Linear transformations: rank, nullity, kernel
Hom(V, V) dimension
Matrices: adjoint, determinant, rank, eigenvalues
System of linear equations (unique solution conditions)

4. Real Analysis

Sets, relations, functions (one-one, onto, surjection)
Sequences and series: convergence, limit points
p-series convergence, Cesàro mean
Closure of sets, bounded sets
Continuity and discontinuity of functions
Partial derivatives, Euler’s theorem (homogeneous functions)
Jacobians, Riemann integration (upper/lower sums)

5. Complex Analysis

Complex numbers: Argand plane, equilateral triangle condition
Analytic functions, Cauchy’s integral formula
Contour integration
Complex logarithms and trigonometric functions

6. Calculus & Differential Equations

Maxima/minima (AM-GM inequality applications)
Arc length (cardioid), definite integrals
Ordinary differential equations: order, degree, exact equations
Integrating factors, singular solutions, general solutions
Partial differential equations (basic)

7. Algebra & Number Theory

Roots of polynomial equations (Vieta’s formulas)
Factorials and trailing zeros
Divisibility properties
Power series and their inverses (logarithm series)

8. Trigonometry & Complex Numbers

De Moivre’s theorem applications
Gregory–Leibniz series (π/4)
Product of cosines

9. Coordinate Geometry

Conics: ellipse, parabola, hyperbola, circle (conditions)
Confocal conics, polar form of conics
Pair of straight lines (perpendicularity condition)
3D geometry: sphere, planes, direction cosines

10. Vector Calculus

Divergence of vector functions
Differentiation of vector functions
Parallel and perpendicular vector conditions

11. Operations Research & Numerical Methods

Linear programming: feasible solutions, optimal solutions, convex sets
Graph theory: trees, complete graphs (edges/lines count)
Newton-Raphson method (order of convergence)
Simpson’s one-third rule

12. Statistics & Probability

Variance of sequences
Weighted mean (binomial coefficients)
Probability (complementary events, independent events)

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