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Consider the following statements regarding the international legal framework for Geographical Indications (GIs):
- The Paris Convention was the first international agreement to recognize Geographical Indications.
- GIs are protected under the TRIPS Agreement of the World Trade Organization (WTO).
- The Madrid Agreement is exclusively focused on the protection of GIs.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
- a) 1 only
- b) 1 and 2 only
- c) 2 and 3 only
- d) 1, 2 and 3
Solution: b)
Statement 1 is correct because the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property (1883) was among the first international agreements to recognize the importance of Geographical Indications (GIs).
Statement 2 is also correct, as GIs are protected under the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS), a part of the World Trade Organization (WTO) framework.
Statement 3 is incorrect because the Madrid Agreement is focused on international trademark registration, not solely on GIs. The Lisbon Agreement, on the other hand, deals with the protection of appellations of origin, a type of GI.
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