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Q1. With reference to flood management, consider the following statements:

  1. Construction of dams and reservoirs upstream can help reduce downstream flooding.
  2. Floodplain zoning restricts construction in areas prone to flooding.
  3. Levees and embankments increase the natural storage capacity of rivers.
  4. Flood forecasting and warning systems depend on hydrological and meteorological data.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 4 only
(c) 1, 2, and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3, and 4

Q2. Regarding structural measures in flood control, consider the following:

  1. Channelization involves deepening and widening the river channel to increase flow capacity.
  2. Floodways divert excess floodwater away from urban areas.
  3. Afforestation in upstream catchment areas increases surface runoff.
  4. Detention basins temporarily store floodwater to reduce peak flow.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1, 2, and 4 only
(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, 3, and 4

Q3. Consider the following non-structural measures of flood management:

  1. Floodplain zoning and land-use regulations
  2. Flood insurance schemes
  3. Construction of check dams
  4. Public awareness and community participation

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 3 only
(b) 1, 2, and 4 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, 3, and 4

Q4. With respect to flood forecasting, which of the following are essential components?

  1. Rainfall monitoring using radar and satellites
  2. River gauge and flow measurement stations
  3. Real-time data transmission and analysis
  4. Construction of flood embankments

Select the correct answer using the code below:
(a) 1, 2, and 3 only
(b) 1 and 4 only
(c) 2, 3, and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3, and 4

Q5. Consider the following statements about the impact of floods:

  1. Floods always cause positive impacts by replenishing soil nutrients.
  2. Urban floods increase waterborne diseases and disrupt infrastructure.
  3. Floods can lead to displacement and economic losses.
  4. Floodplain agriculture benefits from natural flooding cycles.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 3 only
(b) 2, 3, and 4 only
(c) 1, 2, and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3, and 4

Q6. With reference to the flood management policies in India, consider the following:

  1. The National Flood Management Program (NFMP) promotes both structural and non-structural measures.
  2. The Central Water Commission is responsible for flood forecasting and monitoring.
  3. Flood insurance is widely adopted and mandatory in flood-prone areas.
  4. Community participation is not considered significant in flood management.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1, 2, and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3, and 4

Q7. Which of the following factors influence the severity of floods?

  1. Deforestation in the catchment area
  2. Urbanization and impermeable surfaces
  3. Construction of dams without floodgates
  4. Excessive groundwater extraction

Select the correct answer using the code below:
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 1, 2, and 3 only
(c) 2, 3, and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3, and 4

Q8. Consider the following about floodplain zoning:

  1. It is a non-structural flood mitigation method.
  2. It involves prohibiting or regulating construction on floodplains.
  3. It increases the flood carrying capacity of the river channel.
  4. It reduces risk to human life and property in flood-prone areas.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1, 2, and 4 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1, 3, and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3, and 4

Q9. Regarding the role of wetlands in flood management, consider the following statements:

  1. Wetlands act as natural sponges, absorbing and storing excess floodwater.
  2. Wetlands reduce downstream flooding by slowing runoff velocity.
  3. Wetland destruction can exacerbate flood risks.
  4. Wetlands increase sediment transport downstream.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 1, 2, and 3 only
(c) 2, 3, and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3, and 4

Q10. Consider the following statements related to flood risk assessment:

  1. Flood risk is a function of hazard, vulnerability, and exposure.
  2. Vulnerability refers to the susceptibility of people and assets to harm.
  3. Exposure only considers the likelihood of flood occurrence.
  4. Hazard involves the probability and severity of flooding events.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 1, 2, and 4 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, 3, and 4

Answers:

  1. (c)
  2. (a)
  3. (b)
  4. (a)
  5. (b)
  6. (a)
  7. (b)
  8. (a)
  9. (b)
  10. (b)

Published by Pragyanxetu

One Earth. One Future

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