International Relations
India’s current stance toward the Taliban government in Afghanistan is guided by a policy of “Engagement Without Recognition,” which distinguishes between legal recognition of a regime (de jure) and practical diplomatic engagement (de facto).
Under this approach, India has not formally recognized the Taliban as Afghanistan’s legitimate government but continues to maintain limited diplomatic and humanitarian engagement through its embassy in Kabul. The purpose is to facilitate aid delivery, support development projects, and sustain dialogue on security and regional stability.
This framework is rooted in the Vienna Conventions on Diplomatic and Consular Relations (1961 and 1963), which permit diplomatic functioning even without formal recognition. India has previously employed similar strategies in its dealings with Taiwan and the military junta in Myanmar, ensuring the protection of national and strategic interests while adhering to international norms.
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