The Assam Government’s decision to officially recognize ‘Bathouism’ in the Bodoland Territorial Region (BTR) primarily aims to
(A) promote religious conversion among indigenous communities
(B) preserve and acknowledge the traditional faith of the Bodo community
(C) encourage tourism in the Bodoland region
(D) integrate Bathouism practices into mainstream Hindu rituals
Correct Answer: (B) preserve and acknowledge the traditional faith of the Bodo community
Analysis: Correct Answer (B) – Preservation of Traditional Faith
The recognition of Bathouism by the Assam government in the Bodoland Territorial Region (BTR) is primarily an effort to:
Preserve indigenous identity and religious practices of the Bodo people.
Provide constitutional and legal legitimacy to a traditional religion that was previously marginalized.
Strengthen cultural autonomy in a multi-ethnic and politically sensitive region like BTR.
Option (A) – Promote Religious Conversion
This is incorrect because the government’s move is not about promoting conversions but rather recognizing an existing faith followed by a large number of Bodos. It is not about creating new followers but supporting the community’s spiritual heritage.
Option (C) – Encourage Tourism
While cultural preservation may incidentally support tourism, it is not the primary motive behind the recognition of Bathouism. The objective is sociocultural, not economic.
Option (D) – Integrate into Hindu Rituals
Bathouism is a distinct indigenous religion, not a sect of Hinduism. The government’s move is about maintaining its separate religious identity, not assimilating it into mainstream Hindu practices.
77.
Which of the following statements about Kaziranga National Park is incorrect?
(A) It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
(B) It is home to the highest population of one-horned rhinoceroses in the world.
(C) It was declared a Tiger Reserve in 2003.
(D) It is situated on the banks of the Brahmaputra River and lies between the Brahmaputra River and the Karbi Hills.
Marked Answer: (C)
Analysis: Correct Answer: (C) – Incorrect Statement
Explanation:
Kaziranga was declared a Tiger Reserve in 2006, not in 2003.
Therefore, this statement is factually incorrect, making (C) the correct answer to the question asking for the “incorrect” statement.
Explanation of Other Options:
(A) True:
Kaziranga National Park was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1985 due to its rich biodiversity and role in conservation.
(B) True:
It holds the world’s largest population of the Indian one-horned rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis), with over 2,600 individuals (as per latest counts).
(D) True:
The park is located along the floodplains of the Brahmaputra River, and lies between the Brahmaputra River and the Karbi Anglong Hills.
78.
In early 2025, concerns arose regarding declining pungency of the Bhut Jolokia chili in Assam. What was identified as the primary cause of it?
(A) Climate change affecting soil temperature
(B) Overuse of fertilizers altering soil quality
(C) Introduction of genetically modified variants
(D) Pests attacking the chili plants
In early 2025, agricultural scientists and farmers in Assam reported a noticeable decline in the pungency of Bhut Jolokia (also known as Ghost Pepper), one of the world’s hottest chilies. Studies identified climate change—particularly rising soil and atmospheric temperatures—as the primary reason behind this trend.
Scientific Reasoning:
The capsaicin content (which determines chili pungency) is highly sensitive to environmental factors.
Increased soil temperatures and unseasonal rainfall disturb the plant’s physiological processes, reducing capsaicin synthesis.
Bhut Jolokia thrives in a specific microclimate of Assam and parts of Northeast India, and even minor climatic shifts can affect its chemical profile.
https://www.indiatoday.in/sunday-special/story/bhut-jolokia-lost-its-sting-bhot-naga-mircha-raja-mirchi-worlds-hottest-ghost-chilli-pepper-scoville-heat-unit-2646592-2024-12-08
79.
In early 2025, a rare marbled cat was spotted in which National Park of Assam?
(A) Dehing Patkai National Park
(B) Kaziranga National Park
(C) Manas National Park
(D) Nameri National Park
Correct Answer: (A) Dehing Patkai National Park
Explanation:
In early 2025, wildlife researchers and camera traps confirmed the sighting of the rare marbled cat (Pardofelis marmorata) in Dehing Patkai National Park, Assam. This was a significant conservation event, as marbled cats are:
Elusive and nocturnal
Near Threatened on the IUCN Red List
Typically found in tropical and subtropical forests of Southeast Asia.
Dehing Patkai is known as the “Amazon of the East” due to its dense rainforest, making it a suitable habitat for such rare and sensitive species.
80.
76. Match the following personalities (List–I) with the associations/organizations they were engaged with during 1920s (List–II):
List—I
a. Rohinikanta Hati Baruah
b. Krishna Nath Sarmah
c. Tarun Ram Phukan
d. Ambikagiri Rai Choudhury
List—II
Assam Branch of All India Spinners’ Association
APCC (General Secretary)
Assam Branch of Swarajya Party
Assam Jatiya Mahasabha
Raichoudhury was a poet, playwright, and patriot all rolled in one. He took part in the independence movement for India and was imprisoned by the British for the same. He was the founder of ‘Asom Songrokhini Sobhaa’ (Assam Preservation Council) and, ‘Axom Jaatiyo Mohasobhaa’.
Gandhi’s 1921 visit to Assam left him impressed with the expertise of people in hand spinning and weaving. He remarked in Young India about the Assamese women weaver, “Every woman of Assam is a born weaver…And she weaves fairy tales in cloth.” The Non-Cooperation Movement had ushered in a new era in the history of khadi in Assam. The Assam Khadi Board, after initial setbacks, was reconstituted with Krishna Nath Sarmah as its Secretary. Even in the unfavourable political climate, most of the suggestions of the Congress committees were implemented; one of them being the establishment of one khaddar depot in each district.
Phukan was arrested on November 30, 1921, along with Bardoli and others, under Section 12 of Act XIV of 1908 and sentenced to one year’s simple imprisonment under Section 108 Cr.P.C. After his release, he was in close contact with C.R. Das established a branch of the Swaraj Party in Assam. Phukan and Bardolai apparently obtained Rs 50,000 at the end of 1921 from the Tilak Swaraj Fund.
81.
Which of the following statements regarding Buddhism in Assam are true?
(i) Buddhism existed in Assam before the visit of Hiuen Tsang.
(ii) Dhitika became responsible for the spread of Buddhism in Assam.
(iii) Asvabhava preached Mahayana cult in Assam.
(iv) According to a tradition, the older shrine at Hajo was a great Chaitya.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(A) (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)
(B) (ii) and (iv) only
(C) (i), (iii) and (iv) only
(D) (i) and (iv) only
Analysis:
Statement (i): True
Buddhism was present in Assam prior to Hiuen Tsang’s 7th-century CE visit. Archaeological and textual evidence supports its early existence.
Statement (ii): True
Dhitika, a Buddhist teacher, is believed to have contributed to the spread of Buddhism in the region.
Statement (iii): True
Asvabhava was a noted Mahayana Buddhist teacher, and historical references indicate he influenced Mahayana Buddhism in Assam.
Statement (iv): True
The shrine at Hajo is traditionally considered by some sects to be a Chaitya (Buddhist shrine). It is revered by Buddhists, Hindus, and Muslims alike, with each tradition attributing different origins.
82.
Arrange the following works chronologically according to their year of publication:
(i) Grammatical Notices of the Assamese Language
(ii) A Grammar of the Assamese Language
(iii) A Dictionary in Assamese and English
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(A) (i) — (ii) — (iii)
(B) (i) — (iii) — (ii)
(C) (iii) — (ii) — (i)
(D) (ii) — (i) — (iii)
Grammatical notices of the Asamese language. by: Brown, Nathan, 1807-1886. Publication date: 1848.
Title, A Grammar of the Assamese Language. Author, William Robinson. Publisher, Serampore Press, 1839
A Dictionary in Assamese and English. M. BRONSON. AMERICAN BAPTIST MISSION PRESS
SIBSAGOR.
1867.
83.
On November 21, 2024, the Assam Government officially renamed the Karimganj district as Sribhumi, along with its headquarters town Karimganj, which will now be called Sribhumi town. The new name was inspired by Rabindranath Tagore’s description of the area over a century ago as ‘Sribhumi’. As per Kabiguru Tagore’s description, the word ‘Sribhumi’ is referred to as
(A) the land of Maa Lakshmi
(B) the land of Maa Durga
(C) the land of Maa Kamakhya
(D) the land of Maa Saraswati
Answer and Analysis:
‘Sribhumi’, as described by Rabindranath Tagore, literally means “land of Sri”, where Sri symbolizes wealth and prosperity, personified by Maa Lakshmi.
84.
On February 24, 2025, Prime Minister Narendra Modi attended the largest Jhumur event in history, celebrating the 200th anniversary of Assam’s tea industry.
Consider the following statements:
The tea garden community migrated from Central India in the 19th century to work in the tea gardens of Assam.
Jhumur dance originates from the Sadan ethnolinguistic group of the Chota Nagpur region.
The songs sung during Jhumur performances often depict the struggles of tea plantation workers. They narrate stories of migration and exploitation, depicting the community’s socio-economic challenges.
Jhumur dance plays a vital role in tea garden festivals, particularly during Tushu Puja and Karam Puja, which celebrate the harvest time.
Which of the above statements is/are not correct?
(A) (ii) only
(B) (i) and (iii) only
(C) (iii) and (iv) only
(D) None of the above
Correct Answer: (D) None of the above
Explanation:
All four statements are factually correct:
Migration of tea tribes: Communities from Central India (like Chota Nagpur plateau area) were indeed brought to Assam in the 19th century by British planters for tea plantation work.
Origin of Jhumur: Jhumur is a traditional folk dance of the Sadan ethnolinguistic group from Chota Nagpur—this is accurate.
Themes in Jhumur songs: The lyrical content of Jhumur songs often highlights struggles, exploitation, and migration of the tea tribe community—making this correct.
Role in festivals: Jhumur plays a significant role in Tushu Puja and Karam Puja, both harvest-related tribal festivals celebrated by the tea tribes.
85.
In February 2025, a significant conservation milestone was achieved in Assam concerning the Greater Adjutant Stork.
Which of the following best describes this achievement?
(A) The species was declared ‘extinct in the wild’
(B) The stork population increased from 450 to over 1800 birds
(C) A new sanctuary exclusively for the stork was established
(D) The species was removed from the endangered list
(D) The species was removed from the endangered list (i.e., its IUCN status was upgraded from “Endangered” to “Near Threatened”)
Supporting Evidence:
By 2023, as a direct outcome of grassroots conservation efforts led by Purnima Devi Barman and the Hargila Army in Assam, the stork’s wild population soared from around 450 to over 1,800 individuals. This remarkable recovery triggered its reclassification from “Endangered” to “Near Threatened” on the IUCN Red List
(datazone.birdlife.org)
.
The higher population and improved conservation outlook led to the official removal of its endangered status, marking it as a globally significant success story .
Clarifying Other Options:
(B) correctly states the population increase, which contributed to the status change—but the milestone achievement emphasized is the status upgrade, not merely the population jump.
(A) is false; the species was not declared extinct.
(C) is not accurate; no exclusive sanctuary was created in February 2025.
Final Answer:
The milestone is best captured by (D) – the species was removed from the endangered list due to its significant recovery and improved conservation status.
86.
The Soliga tribe inhabits the Biligiri Rangaswamy Temple (BRT) Tiger Reserve in Karnataka. Their relationship with the tiger population is very important to conservation efforts. Consider the following statements in connection with Soliga tribe:
(i) The name ‘Soliga’ means ‘children of bamboo’.
(ii) The Soligas worship tigers as sacred beings. They refer to the tiger as Dodda Nayi and maintain a temple dedicated to it.
(iii) The Soligas were the first tribal community to have their forest rights recognized within a tiger reserve.
(iv) The Soliga tribe is confined to the State of Karnataka alone.
Which of the above statements is/are not correct?
(A) (i) only
(B) (ii) and (iii) only
(C) (iv) only
(D) (iii) only
Answer: (C) (iv) only
Explanation & Analysis: Statement (i): Correct
The word Soliga is traditionally interpreted as “children of bamboo”, derived from their close relationship with the forests, especially bamboo groves in Karnataka’s hills.
This is supported by cultural anthropological records.
Statement (ii): Correct
The Soliga people do indeed hold tigers in high reverence, often referring to them as Dodda Nayi (meaning “big dog”).
While they may not have grand temples, their belief system includes spiritual respect for tigers, and such references are well-documented in ethnographic literature.
Statement (iii): Correct
The Soligas were the first tribal community in India to have their forest rights recognized within a protected tiger reserve (BRT Tiger Reserve).
This was a landmark judgment in the implementation of the Forest Rights Act, 2006, and it marked a historic balance between tribal rights and conservation.
Statement (iv): Incorrect
Although the majority of the Soliga population resides in Karnataka, particularly around the BRT Hills, they are not confined only to Karnataka.
Small populations of Soligas are also found in adjacent areas of Tamil Nadu, such as the Sathyamangalam forests.
87.
India plans to issue Sovereign Green Bonds to raise money for green infrastructure projects. Consider the following statements about India’s Sovereign Green Bonds:
The funds raised will be used to finance public projects that lower the economy’s carbon intensity.
India issued its first Sovereign Green Bond in 2023.
Green Bonds are part of India’s strategy to achieve net zero emission by 2070.
Only private investors can subscribe to Green Bonds.
Which of the above statements are correct?
(A) 1 and 4 only
(B) 1, 2 and 3 only
(C) 1, 3 and 4 only
(D) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Correct Answer: (B) 1, 2 and 3 only
Explanation & Analysis: Statement 1: Correct
Sovereign Green Bonds are issued by the Government of India to raise funds specifically for public sector projects that help reduce carbon emissions and promote environmental sustainability.
The proceeds are allocated to sectors like renewable energy, clean transportation, and afforestation, thus contributing to lowering carbon intensity.
Statement 2: Correct
India issued its first-ever Sovereign Green Bonds in January 2023.
The issuance was part of the Union Budget 2022–23 announcement, and the Reserve Bank of India conducted the auction.
Statement 3: Correct
The Green Bonds form a crucial part of India’s climate strategy, particularly its commitment to achieve net zero emissions by 2070, as announced at COP26.
These bonds align with the Green Finance framework adopted to fund low-carbon initiatives.
Statement 4: Incorrect
The bonds are issued by the Government and are typically subscribed to by institutional investors, including both private and public sector investors.
There is no restriction that only private investors can subscribe. Public institutions, mutual funds, and even foreign investors (where permitted) can participate.
88.
The National One Health Mission is a recently launched initiative in India aimed at strengthening the country’s response to diseases and promoting a holistic approach to public health. Consider the following statements about India’s One Health Mission:
The One Health Mission integrates human, animal and environmental health under a single framework.
The initiative is funded entirely by the Government of India without any international collaboration.
The Mission aims to track zoonotic diseases like Nipah and avian influenza.
India is the first country in Asia to adopt a One Health approach.
Which of the above statements are correct?
(A) 1 and 3 only
(B) 2 and 4 only
(C) 1, 3 and 4 only
(D) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Correct Answer: (A) 1 and 3 only Analysis: Statement 1: Correct
The One Health approach acknowledges that the health of humans, animals, and the environment are interconnected.
India’s One Health Mission is indeed based on this integrated framework, promoting cross-sectoral collaboration.
Statement 2: Incorrect
While India is a leading force in driving the mission, it has international collaboration, including partnerships with WHO, FAO, UNEP, and OIE.
The initiative benefits from technical and strategic partnerships globally, making this statement incorrect.
Statement 3: Correct
The mission aims to track zoonotic diseases such as Nipah virus, avian influenza, and others that spill over from animals to humans.
This is a core goal of the One Health strategy, especially in the wake of COVID-19.
Statement 4: Incorrect
India is among the first movers, but not the first country in Asia to adopt a One Health approach.
Countries like Thailand and Bangladesh have also implemented One Health programs earlier.
89.
Consider the following statements regarding ‘Eat Right Station’ certification:
It is an initiative by the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI).
As of February 2025, 150 railway stations and 6 metro stations have received the certification.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
(A) 1 only
(B) 2 only
(C) Both 1 and 2
(D) Neither 1 nor 2
Correct Answer: (C) Both 1 and 2 Analysis: Statement 1: Correct
The ‘Eat Right Station’ initiative is indeed launched by the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI).
It aligns with the broader Eat Right India movement, aiming to ensure safe, healthy, and hygienic food at public places like railway stations.
Statement 2: Correct
As per latest updates and official statements, by February 2025, 150 railway stations and 6 metro stations have received the Eat Right Station certification.
This shows expanding coverage across both Indian Railways and metro systems, especially under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare’s convergence with Ministry of Railways.
90.
The ‘Viksit Bharat 2047’ initiative is the Government of India’s visionary roadmap to transform the nation into a developed country by 2047.
Consider the following four key objectives of the initiative:
Elevate India to become the world’s third-largest economy within the next five years, aiming for a $100 trillion economy by 2047.
Empower youth, women, the underprivileged, and farmers, recognizing them as pivotal contributors to national development.
Implement strategies to address climate change and promote sustainable practices.
Enhance administrative efficiency and transparency to ensure effective public service delivery.
Which of the above key objectives is/are not correct?
(A) 1 only
(B) 2 only
(C) 1 and 2 only
(D) 3 and 4 only
Correct Answer: (A) 1 only Analysis: Objective 1: Not correct
Claim: India aims for a $100 trillion economy by 2047.
Reality: This is a significant overstatement.
As per official government estimates and expert analysis, India aims to become a $30–40 trillion economy by 2047, not $100 trillion.
The part about becoming the third-largest economy within five years is accurate, but the $100 trillion figure is unrealistic and not officially endorsed.
Objective 2: Correct
Empowering youth, women, farmers, and the underprivileged is a core pillar of Viksit Bharat 2047.
It focuses on inclusive development and harnessing demographic potential.
Objective 3: Correct
Addressing climate change and promoting sustainability are central to the mission.
India has committed to net-zero emissions by 2070, which aligns with such objectives.
Objective 4: Correct
Improving governance, transparency, and service delivery is emphasized under the Digital India and administrative reform agenda.
91.
What is meant by ‘repo rate’ of the RBI?
Correct Answer:
(C) It is the rate of interest at which commercial banks borrow money from the RBI for short-term needs.
Explanation:
Repo Rate (short for Repurchase Rate) is a key monetary policy instrument used by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI).
It is the rate at which RBI lends short-term funds to commercial banks, usually by purchasing securities with an agreement to repurchase them at a later date.
Why the other options are incorrect:
(A): This describes the lending rate of commercial banks to customers, not repo rate.
(B): This defines Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR), not repo rate.
(D): This is related to the inter-bank lending rate, such as call money rate, not repo rate.
92.
Consider the following statements about Kumbh Mela of India:
(i) It is the oldest recorded religious festival of the world.
(ii) The earliest reference to Prayaga and bathing pilgrimage is found in the Rigveda Parishishta (supplement to the Rigveda).
(iii) The frequency of one Purna Kumbh Mela every 12 years coincides with one revolution of Jupiter around the Sun (approx.).
Which of the above statements are correct?
Correct Answer:
(B) (ii) and (iii) only
Explanation:
Statement (i): While Kumbh Mela is indeed one of the oldest and largest religious gatherings, there is no conclusive historical evidence to label it as the oldest recorded religious festival in the world. This is an exaggerated and unverified claim.
Statement (ii): The earliest references to Prayaga (modern-day Prayagraj) and sacred bathing traditions are indeed found in Vedic texts, particularly in supplements like Rigveda Parishishta.
Statement (iii): The Purna Kumbh Mela occurs every 12 years, which coincides with the orbital period of Jupiter around the Sun — approximately 11.86 Earth years, aligning with the astrological significance.
93.
Which of the following ocean currents is/are warm current(s) in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans?
(i) Benguela Current
(ii) Kuroshio Current
(iii) Norwegian Current
(iv) Peru Current
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
Correct Answer:
(B) (ii) and (iii) only
Explanation:
Let’s examine each option:
Benguela Current
Type: Cold current
Location: South Atlantic Ocean (off the southwest coast of Africa)
Kuroshio Current
Type: Warm current
Location: North-west Pacific Ocean (east of Taiwan and Japan)
Norwegian Current
Type: Warm current
Location: North Atlantic Ocean (flows along the coast of Norway)
Peru Current (Humboldt Current)
Type: Cold current
Location: South-east Pacific Ocean (off the west coast of South America)
94.
Which of the following pairs concerning canal irrigation of India is/are not correct?
(i) Agra Canal — Yamuna River
(ii) Upper Bari Doab Canal — Jhelum River
(iii) Sirhind Canal — Ravi River
(iv) Bikaner Canal — Satluj River
Agra Canal – Yamuna River (Correct)
The Agra Canal takes off from the Yamuna River at Okhla (Delhi).
Verdict: Correct Pair
Upper Bari Doab Canal – Jhelum River (Incorrect)
The Upper Bari Doab Canal is taken from the Ravi River, not the Jhelum.
Verdict: Incorrect Pair
Sirhind Canal – Ravi River (Correct)
The Sirhind Canal originates from the Ropar Headworks on the Sutlej River, not Ravi.
BUT the canal irrigates the region between Sutlej and Yamuna.
However, since the source is Sutlej, the pair is Incorrect.
Note: Some confusion exists here in older texts. In strict correctness:
Sirhind Canal → Sutlej, so pairing with Ravi is Incorrect
Bikaner Canal – Satluj River (Incorrect)
The Bikaner Canal is fed from the Indira Gandhi Canal, which itself is sourced from the Harike Barrage, at the confluence of Beas and Sutlej.
Hence, directly saying “Bikaner Canal — Satluj River” is oversimplified and inaccurate.
95.
The impact of cyclones and tsunamis in India could be reduced by:
Option-wise Analysis:
(i) Preserving mangrove forests Correct:
Mangroves act as a natural barrier against storm surges, tidal waves, and tsunamis.
They absorb wave energy and reduce damage to coastal areas.
Example: Sundarbans helped reduce impact of Cyclone Aila (2009).
Most relevant forest type for cyclone/tsunami protection.
(ii) Preserving montane forests Incorrect:
Montane forests are located in hilly and mountainous areas, not coastal zones.
They do not play a role in mitigating coastal hazards like tsunamis or cyclones.
Good for watershed protection, but not relevant here.
(iii) Preserving tropical thorny and scrub forests Incorrect:
Found in arid/semi-arid regions.
Not dense enough or geographically suited to offer protection from coastal disasters.
Not relevant to cyclone/tsunami impact.
(iv) Preserving tropical deciduous forests Incorrect:
Typically found inland.
While ecologically important, they don’t offer coastal protection.
96.
Which of the following statements concerning Tinsukia district of Assam is/are correct?
Option-wise Analysis:
(i) It is the easternmost district of Assam, surrounded by Arunachal Pradesh from three sides. Correct:
Tinsukia is the easternmost district of Assam.
It shares its boundary with Arunachal Pradesh to the north, east, and southeast.
(ii) It is an industrial district well-known for coal, oil, and tea production. Correct:
Tinsukia has major industries in coal (Margherita), oil (Digboi), and tea (numerous tea gardens).
Digboi is home to India’s oldest oil refinery.
(iii) The Dhola-Sadiya Bridge (Bhupen Hazarika Setu) is constructed on the River Lohit in this district. Correct:
Bhupen Hazarika Setu, India’s longest river bridge, connects Dhola (Tinsukia district) to Sadiya across the Lohit River.
(iv) The Maguri Motapung Beel is located in this district. Correct:
Maguri Motapung Beel is a well-known wetland and birding hotspot located near Dibru-Saikhowa National Park, which lies in Tinsukia district.
97.
Rising intensities of floods and damages in Assam are said to have prime explanation(s):
(i) Sudden and high water flow caused by natural and human (anthropogenic) factors.
(ii) People settling in low-lying areas.
Analysis of Statements:
Statement (i):
True.
Flood intensity in Assam has increased due to:
Natural factors: Intense rainfall, glacial melt, shifting river courses.
Anthropogenic factors: Deforestation, encroachment on wetlands, urbanization without proper drainage, and poor dam management.
This makes water flows more sudden and forceful.
Statement (ii):
Also true.
A large portion of the population resides in flood-prone low-lying areas like the Brahmaputra floodplain.
Due to population growth and economic pressure, people settle in these vulnerable zones, worsening loss of life and property during floods.
Which option is most accurate?
Let’s assess the options:
(A) Only (i) is right –
Clearly wrong; (ii) is also valid.
(B) Only (ii) is right –
Again, incorrect. (i) is equally crucial.
(C) Both (i) and (ii) are true and inclusive –
This is correct in the context of the main causes of rising flood intensity. These two are direct and comprehensive enough for most practical analysis.
(D) Both (i) and (ii) are true, but not inclusive considering the current tech/dev –
This is technically wordy and vague. Saying “not inclusive” implies there are many other equally prime causes (like poor embankment maintenance, lack of early warning), which may be true, but not stated in the question.
98.
Authors Arup Kumar Dutta, Arupjyoti Saikia and Samrat Choudhury have common theme(s) in their writing:
(i) They are acclaimed writers on the Brahmaputra
(ii) They have written on Assam’s social history
(iii) They have written on tea and tea plantation history
(iv) They have written on Assam’s geography
Which of the above is/are correct?
(A) (i) only
(B) (i) and (ii) only
(C) (i), (iii) and (iv) only
(D) All are correct
Acclaimed writers on the Brahmaputra –
Correct.
Arupjyoti Saikia’s “The Unquiet River: A Biography of the Brahmaputra” is a landmark academic work. Samrat Choudhury and Arup Kumar Dutta have both referenced the Brahmaputra in their narrative or fictional works, reflecting its cultural significance. Samrat is an author and journalist from India. His books include The Braided River: A Journey Along the Brahmaputra, and The Urban Jungle, a novel which was nominated for the Man Asian Literary Prize.
The Brahmaputra by Arup Dutta
Publisher: National Book Trust
Year: 2001
This is a riveting account of one of the greatest river systems in the world, the awesome route its takes, and the mystery originally surrounding it till intrepid explorers unraveled the enigma. Apart from sketching a profile of the river, the book seeks to acquaint readers with the society which evolved on its banks, the heights of civilization attained and the contribution made by it to the pan-Indian mosaic.
99.
Which of the following sequences or statements concerning tributaries of the Brahmaputra in Assam is/are not correct?
(i) The North bank tributaries (from West to East): Sankosh, Manas, Puthimari, Pagladiya
(ii) The South bank tributaries (from East to West): Buri Dihing, Bhogdoi, Dhansiri, Kopili
(iii) The North bank tributaries (from East to West): Jiadhal, Subansiri, Ranganadi, Jia Bharali
(iv) The River Barnadi forms a natural boundary between Darrang and Kamrup districts.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(A) (i) only
(B) (i) and (ii) only
(C) (ii) and (iv) only
(D) (i), (ii) and (iii) only
(i) North bank tributaries (West to East): Sankosh, Manas, Puthimari, Pagladiya Incorrect
The correct West to East order of north bank tributaries is:
Sankosh → Raidak → Manas → Beki → Puthimari → Pagladiya → Barnadi → Subansiri → Ranganadi → Jia Bharali
The mistake:
Puthimari comes after Pagladiya, not before. Hence, the order is wrong.
100.
Notes and verified data on yesterday’s Prelims question on Jyoti Prasad Agarwala and his Bhagat Singh speech
Naduar Conference (April 19–20, 1931)
Held in Darrang district of Assam, it was a joint youth and women’s political conference.
Remarkable Participation: 500 Assamese women attended, a significant social change.
The Assam Chief Secretary noted this with surprise, showing the evolving role of women in public life.
Resolution was passed praising Bhagat Singh’s patriotism, despite British efforts to suppress his image.
Commenting on the number of women present in the conference, the then chief secretary of Assam agreed in his confidential report that “a few years ago it would have been considered incredible that 500 Assamese ladies should have met in a conference with men and should have passed a resolution applauding the patriotism of Bhagat Singh”.
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