With the inclusion of heatwaves and lightning, the list of nationally recognised disasters has expanded from 12 to 14 categories. The recognised categories include cyclones, droughts, earthquakes, fires, floods, tsunamis, hailstorms, landslides, avalanches, cloudbursts, pest attacks, cold waves, heatwaves, and lightning.
The Northeastern hill states, particularly Assam, Meghalaya, Sikkim and Arunachal Pradesh, experience high lightning activity. Orographic lifting along the Himalayan foothills during monsoon transitions contributes to the development of thunderstorms and frequent lightning.
APSC Relevance: Disaster Management; Geography.
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