Topic-wise distribution (100 questions)
| Area | Approx. Qs | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| Computer Organization & Architecture | ~20 | number systems, memory hierarchy, cache, addressing modes, word length |
| Data Structures & Algorithms | ~20 | stacks/queues/trees, sorting, traversals, complexity analysis, recursion |
| Computer Networks | ~18 | OSI/TCP-IP layers, protocols, IP addressing, CSMA/CD, HTTP/HTTPS |
| Operating Systems | ~10 | scheduling, virtual memory, semaphores, system calls, paging |
| DBMS/SQL | ~5 | SQL queries, aggregate functions, subqueries |
| Web Technologies | ~8 | HTML5, JavaScript, AJAX, HTTP methods/status codes |
| OOP Concepts | ~6 | polymorphism, inheritance, encapsulation, abstraction |
| Software Engineering | ~8 | SDLC, testing types, models (Waterfall/Spiral/RAD), SRS |
| C Programming (code-tracing) | ~5 | array manipulation, loops, operator precedence |
| Cybersecurity | ~4 | firewalls, phishing, malware types, biometric security |
Key observations
- Core CS fundamentals dominate (~58%): computer organization, DS&A, and networks together form the backbone of this paper
- Numerical/computational questions are frequent — memory access time, subnet calculations, Shannon’s capacity, postfix evaluation, memory chip calculations.
- Code-tracing questions (C programs) appear as a distinct recurring block (~5 questions) — testing practical understanding of loops, arrays, and operator precedence rather than just theory.
- Networking is heavily weighted and detailed — going beyond basic definitions into protocol-level specifics (OSPF algorithm, CSMA/CD behavior, addressing modes, subnetting)
- OS and DBMS are present but lighter — likely secondary topics relative to networks/DS&A/architecture.
- Software engineering and OOP are conceptual/definitional — mostly single-fact recall (SDLC models, testing sequence, OOP pillars), lower difficulty than the numerical sections.
- Cybersecurity is a small but modern addition — phishing, malware types, firewalls — reflecting current-affairs-adjacent inclusion in technical exams.
Takeaway for prep: This paper skews toward applied/computational CS fundamentals — prioritize numerical problem-solving (memory calculations, complexity analysis, networking math) alongside protocol/layer-level networking knowledge and C code-tracing practice, as these together make up the toughest and most differentiating ~50% of the paper.
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